Sonographic Evaluation of Renal Changes and their Correlation with CD4+ count among Human Immunodeficiency Virus Sero-positive Pregnant Women in Kano, Nigeria 1 4
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.60787/sjhrs.vol1no1.4Keywords:
HIV/AIDS, Kano, Pregnant women, UltrasonographyAbstract
Background: The prevalence of Human Immunodeficiency Virus among pregnant women in Nigeria remains a major public health challenge with serious medical, economic, and social impact.
Aim. This study was aimed at evaluating renal changes and their correlation with CD4 count among HIV sero-positive pregnant women in Kano, Nigeria.
Methods: A prospective cross-sectional work carried out from April 2021 to March 2022. A purposive sampling method was employed and included 196 patients. Mindray digital ultrasound machine with 3.5 MHz transducer was used as an instrument for data collection. The patients were scanned in supine and lateral decubitus positions. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 25.0. with a level of significance set atρ<0.05.
Results: The mean values of the right renal volume for the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd trimesters were 148.8 ±25.8cm3, 168.1 ±35.6cm3, and 185.2±35.8cm3 respectively whereas the left renal volumes were 163.7 ±31.1cm3, 182.4 ±40.2cm3, 199.3 ±38.4cm3. In 3rd trimester, patients had 4.55% and 1.52% increased renal parenchymal echogenicity on the right and left kidneys, respectively. A statistically significant difference in renal dimensions between trimesters was observed (ρ < 0.05). There was statistically significant weak positive correlation of right and left renal dimensions with anthropometric variables (r = 0.17- 0.25).
Conclusion: This study has established reference values for renal dimensions among HIV/AID seropositive pregnant women. A statistically significant difference in renal dimension between Trimesters was observed. The Renal dimensions had a week positive correlation with the anthropometric variables.
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